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	<title>Adger Linux Beginner Linux Resource &#187; Unix</title>
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		<title>Linux 101: Word Alert</title>
		<link>http://www.adgerlinux.com/428/linux-101-word-alert-3/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Jan 2010 13:35:05 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[This section will refresh you from some terminologies that we always encounter in the web or with Linux.

Debian is a free, open source, operating system for a computer that uses the Linux kernel. This is a set of basic programs and utilities that make your computer run. Debian is software comprised of 25000 packages, which [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">This section will refresh you from some terminologies that we always encounter in the web or with Linux.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">
<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Debian</em> is a free, open source, operating system for a computer that uses the Linux kernel. This is a set of basic programs and utilities that make your computer run. Debian is software comprised of 25000 packages, which has easy format, ready to install in your computer.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">
<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>C </em>is the natural language for writing UNIX system programs. It was designed specially for Unix in early 1970s.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">
<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Module</em> is a piece of the kernel that performs a specific task. This is code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">
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		<title>How to specify the directory path</title>
		<link>http://www.adgerlinux.com/462/how-to-specify-the-directory-path/</link>
		<comments>http://www.adgerlinux.com/462/how-to-specify-the-directory-path/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 27 Dec 2009 09:39:22 +0000</pubDate>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adgerlinux.com/?p=462</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[If the file you want to read is in a subdirectory of the directory that you are in, you can reach the file by typing a relative filename. Relative filenames specify the location of files relative to where you are.
Here are some additional rules that you need to know:
One dot (.) always stands for your [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="_mcePaste" style="position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: justify;">If the file you want to read is in a subdirectory of the directory that you are in, you can reach the file by typing a relative filename. Relative filenames specify the location of files relative to where you are.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: justify;">Here are some additional rules that you need to know:</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: justify;">One dot (.) always stands for your current directory.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: justify;">Two dots (..) specify the parent directory of the directory you are currently in.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: justify;">All directory paths that include (.) or (..) are relative directory paths.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: justify;">You can see these files by using the -a option of the  1s (1) command. Without the -a option, the 1s (1) command does not bother to list the . or .. files, or any filename beginning with a period. This may seem strange, but the creators of Unix thought that having some files that were normally hidden kept the directory structure cleaner. Therefore, filenames that are always there (. and ..) and special-purpose files are hidden. The types of files that should be hidden are those that the user normally does not need to see in every listing of the directory structure (files used to tailor applications to the user’s preferences, for example).</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: justify;">Now specify a pathname relative to where you are. For example:</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: justify;">[fidia@veracruz lidial]$pwd</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: justify;">/home/lidia</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-align: justify;">[lidia@veracruz lidials]$ 1s – 1a . ./ . ./etc/passwd</div>
<p style="text-align: justify;">If the file you want to read is in a subdirectory of the directory that you are in, you can reach the file by typing a relative filename. Relative filenames specify the location of files relative to where you are.</p>
<p>Here are some additional rules that you need to know:</p>
<ul>
<li>One dot (.) always stands for your current directory.</li>
<li>Two dots (..) specify the parent directory of the directory you are currently in.</li>
<li>All directory paths that include (.) or (..) are relative directory paths.</li>
</ul>
<p style="text-align: justify;">You can see these files by using the -a option of the  1s (1) command. Without the -a option, the 1s (1) command does not bother to list the . or .. files, or any filename beginning with a period. This may seem strange, but the creators of Unix thought that having some files that were normally hidden kept the directory structure cleaner. Therefore, filenames that are always there (. and ..) and special-purpose files are hidden. The types of files that should be hidden are those that the user normally does not need to see in every listing of the directory structure (files used to tailor applications to the user’s preferences, for example).</p>
<p>Now specify a pathname relative to where you are. For example:</p>
<p>[fidia@veracruz lidial]$pwd</p>
<p>/home/lidia</p>
<p>[lidia@veracruz lidials]$ 1s – 1a . . / . .  /etc/passwd</p>
<p><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; line-height: 23px; font-size: 14px; color: #333333;"> </span></p>
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