At the heart of Linux is the kernel. This is the code that is loaded before anything else when you launch Linux, and is unloaded last when you halt the system. On its own, the kernel doesn’t appear to do very much, but without it, nothing gets done. The kernel acts as the main link between your hardware and all the programs that run under Linux. It also handles crucial background tasks such as managing the memory and multitasking.

Tools. Linux tools are a group of programs between the kernel and the software that displays Linux on the desktop. One of the most important tools is the C/CO compiler. This tool compiles a program written in C++, and turns the code into an executable program that can be run by Linux.

Application Software. In this raw state, Linux does not need a GUI to enable it to work. Here, however, we concentrate on the graphical applications that enable Linux to run as a window-based operating environment.

X Windows. The X Window system is used to set up an “X server” on your computer. This holds information about the capabilities of your graphics card and display.

Window Manager. X-based desktop managers provide the graphical interface between your input (via keyboard/pointing device) and what happens on your monitor. Some window managers look and feel like Microsoft Windows and all are highly customizable. These programs manage the placement of windows including positioning, overlapping, and iconizing.

Desktop Manager. The two leading desktop environments are Gnome and KDE.

• Gnome (GNU Network Object Model Environment), which were developed as open source software.
• KDE (the K Desktop Environment) was built using a GUI toolkit called Qt and is also widely used.

Both desktop environments are supplied with Red Hat Linux. They are also available with most other popular distributions.Certain window managers are incompatible with some desktop environments, but the relevant sites will provide the necessary advice.

Red Hat Linux Deluxe Workstation

This is not one of the cheaper options available. However, a cheaper version of Red Hat is sold, and all the additional elements can be bought from the same source at a later date. The Deluxe version contains the kind of added software that may be bundled together to form a Linux distribution suitable for professional users.

History of Expansion

Red Hat was founded in 1994 as a developer and distributor of open source software. At that time, the number of Linux users was estimated to be 100,000. In the intervening period, Red Hat has expanded its activities through acquisitions and software development. Alongside this growth, the number of Linux users is estimated by some to have risen to about 15,000,000.

 To see Red Hat’s range of products, visit the company’s website and click on Home/Small Business. You can then scroll down through the page that appears and select Red Hat Deluxe Workstation from the list of software.

What It Contains

Red hat Linux Deluxe Workstation arrives on 10 CDs, which includes more than 5Gb of a variety of software including:

- Red Hat-tested 2.4 kernel

- Gnome and KDE desktop environments

- Support for USB devices and recordable CD-ROMs

- XFree86 4.0.3, an implementation of the X Windows System.

- StarOffice 5.2

- Demo version of Anyware 2.0 that includes the Anyware Desktop, which is an office program suite

- Adobe Acrobat Reader 4.05

- Special Red Hat edition of Yahoo! Messenger

- Game demos from Loki, Alpha Centauri, and SimCity3000

- Over 300 PowerTools applications, including Zope, Gnucash, Openmotif, Exim, Faxmail, and Postfix

- Red Hat Network Software Manager

- Multiple Programming languages

- Netscape Navigator.

The Gnome Desktop

Logging On and Off

When you start your PC with Linux as the operating system (rather than Windows ME, for example) you will see the screen fill with lines of text that contain information indicating that Linux is checking , enabling, and starting all the software that will drive your system – each followed by OK if the check is passed.

• Enter User Name and Password

 Your exact log- in procedure will have been defined by whoever installed Linux on your computer.  If a graphical interface has been chosen, you will see the Gnome log-in screen. If not, you will see a text prompt asking you for your user name and then your password.  In either case, supply your user name and password (not the root user name and password) when prompted. If you are using a graphical interface, you will usually boot straight into the Gnome desktop environment.

• Typing at the Prompt

 If a graphical interface is not being used, you will see a text prompt similar to this example (where your password replaces alba) at the localhost login prompt.  To start GNOME, type startx and press ENTER

• Logging Off

 To log off from GNOME, choose Log out from the Main GNOME Menu. This displays a dialog box with up to three options:

-LOGOUT to end the Gnome session

-HALT to shut down the computer

-REBOOT to reboot

Using the Root Password

If you are a user of a standalone PC, you may find that Linux places more emphasis on user names, passwords, and security than you are used. If you attempt to take any action that will make system- level changes to your PC, you will be required to enter the root password because the changes will affect all users of the computer, not merely you. If you are the only user of the computer, this may seem unnecessary. However, if you share your computer with others, the importance of limiting these controls to one “superuser” soon becomes apparent.

• The Need for the Password

 If you do not have access to the root password- probably because someone else has installed Linux you will need either to ask them for the password or to log in each time that any system-level changes are required.

 Winnepeg Beer Store

Winnipeg Canada Theme Hotel Rooms 

Adger Linux

• What? Still no Decent Viruses! This is just a little follow up to and earlier post.  Secunia, in their latest weekly summary to me, state this: VIRUS ALERTS: During the past week Secunia collected 215 virus descriptions from the Antivirus vendors. However, none were deemed MEDIUM risk or higher according to the Secunia assessment scale.......
• Red Hat Fedora 10 is Out For all open source Lovers, Red Hat Fedora 10 Linux is out with major improvements! The Red Hat-sponsored Fedora Project on Tuesday released Fedora 10, the latest version of the free Linux-based operating system, with a wide range of improvements in areas such as virtualization management, networking, boot time and......
• 11 Free Linux Apps Your Business Needs Now [/caption] Despite the wealth of free applications out there, many small business owners continue to spend an inordinate amount of their all-too-scarce resources on software. Microsoft Office 2010? That'll be $499.99--or $279.99 if you can do without the Professional version. QuickBooks 2010? $159.95 or more. Adobe PhotoShop CS5? A whopping......
• How to install aMSN in a Linux distribution Amsn is the instant messaging software for GNU / Linux (also available for other systems) most appreciated as the graphical interface is very similar to Windows Live Messenger and features are almost the same as the Microsoft program, so it is certainly on the best alternative for those who......
• Ten Reasons to Dump Windows and Use Linux [/caption] Now is a particularly good time to ditch Windows for good, for workstations as well as servers. For instance, now that Microsoft stopped supporting Windows Server 2003 on July 13, you'll need to find something different to use for your servers. Whether it's switching from Windows Server 2003 to......

People buy computers to run programs , not to test hardware ( generally)  or run Operating Systems (OS) – that is unless they are trying to learn a particular job , career or just for the fun of it.

DistroWatch.com: Put the fun back into computing. Use Linux, BSD. – News and feature lists of Linux and BSD distributions.

Which Linux Distribution is best?! | Free and Open Source Software … – Which Linux Distribution is best? A Printer-friendly version. A Linux “distro”, or distribution is a collection of programs and utilities that have been tested to work together. DSL takes only 50M bytes on a CD or USB key. …

Linux Distros Have Had ‘App Stores’ For Years | What a n00b! – It appear that the next company to join the ‘App Store’ bandwagon will be Novell. According to PCPro, they’re considering launching an App Store for netbooks,

In the same way before you go to the trouble of installing Linux – partitions, formatting swap files et al consider what after all is your computer going to do and what functions it will serve.  Pick the best distro for your needs and budget.  On top of that you there may be different configurations or even different versions of the same Linux product .

You need to think and ponder what your new Linux based computer system ( or upgraded former windows system ) will be used for.  Is it to be a mission-critical server, a program development workstation or maybe just a new machine for the IT dept.    Your answers will affect both your choices of hardware as well as your specific install.

Think carefully before you jump.  Consider the costs ( not neccessarily monetary but also time and energies) and benefits of more expensive hardware versus lower lijely downtimes.

Linux Distribution Release: Fedora 11 Reign | g@vin`s World … – Red Hat has announced the release of Fedora 11, the latest version of the leading open-source Linux distribution: “The Fedora Project, a Red Hat, Inc. sponsored and community-supported open source collaboration project, today announced …

most popular linux distribution Blog – Information, Comments … – Most Popular Linux Distribution, we post tips and tricks about linux, Linux Review, Covers linux related issues, news, r…

More Linux distros tap Moblin for netbooks – News, views, articles, and discussion on using Linux in mobile and embedded devices.

Adger Linux

Famous People Manitoba Canada

www.adgerlinux.com

• Getting A Free Registry Cleaner Software You may be like the so many people who just do not know what a registry cleaner software does. So let me explain what it does; it will scan, fix, and remove any unwanted items inside your system's registry. It will also defrag your stored information on your registry so......
• Symbian goes open source, releases code to developers Symbian goes open source, releases code to developers by Marc Flores on February 4, 2010 After so many years of hoping and wishing, developers can start getting excited about coding for the Symbian platform. Sure, it’s taken a while and some might be looking forward to Maemo 6 later this......
• Turn your Spare Computer Into a Gaming Server [/caption] Before throwing away your old computer or recycling it, you might be throwing away something valuable that can be turned into a Web server or even a gaming server!  During the weekend, my friend brought me 4 Computers that were going to be thrown out by this local company......
• HELP, My Computer Is Running Slow! See How I Repaired The Registry & TRIPLED The Speed Of My Laptop! Have you tried many different things to get your computer from running slow but you still sit here frustrated with a slow running PC? Take a couple of minutes out of your day to read this article and discover what you need to do to fix your registry and get......
• A Note on Google Apps for Android Lately we've been busy bees in Mountain View, as you can see from the recent release of Android 1.6 to the open-source tree, not to mention some devices we're working on with partners that we think you'll really like. Of course, the community isn't sitting around either, and we've been......

If you purchase a commercial operating  system such as the Macintosh Mac OS or Microsoft Windows you will receive an OS mainly along with some bundled software .  These are usually either limited forms of software – fairly basic and fairly simple without advanced features – such as the notepad or wordpad issued by Microsoft in their Windows product.  In addition , if the computer is an OEM product from a third party manufacturer or assembler , removed from the OS software firm – such as HP / Compaq or Dell , the computer operating system will be bundled with trial time limited ( 30 or 90 days depending)  antivirus, Office suite ( word processor , spreadsheet etc bundles).

However in the Linux world the OS , generally does not come as an operating system only , but rather is bundles with a  large variety and assortment of fully featured open source software which is generally free of  charge.  If the user wishes to have a more pure or less heavy install they can usually choose these and their choices on the install options or at the very least advanced options on install.

Among the more popular open source programs that may be included  ( in Linux versions)

Those were the top most popular open source software in 2006 and some of them will stay popular for the years to come. (File Sharing not included). If you’d like to see some other popular open source software, you can visit OpenSourceWindows.org.

1. 7-Zip – file compression + 7Zip Portable
2. Abiword – create word documents + Abi Portable
3. Audacity – sound editing and effects + Audacity Portable
4. Blender 3D – 3D modeling and animation + Blender Portable
5. ClamWin – antivirus and antispyware scanner + ClamWin Portable
6. Eraser – erases your data securely + Eraser Portable
7. FileZilla – ftp client + FileZilla Portable
8. Firefox – browser + Firefox Portable
9. Gaim – instant messenger + Gaim Portable
10. Ganttproject – scheduling , resource management, calendaring
11. Gimp – GimpShop – image manipulation + Gimp Portable
12. Media Portal – media center
13. NVU – html editor + NVU Portable
14. OpenOffice.org – office suite + Open Office.org Portable
15. PDFCreator – create PDF files
16. RSSOwl – rss reader
17. TaskSwitchXP – advanced task management utility
18. Thunderbird – e-mail client + Thunderbird Portable
19. VLC Media Player – media player + VLC Portable
20. WebHTTrack – web site copier
21. The Linux Look « The Sopebocks – The author apparently disliked OSX’s buttons. Repeat after me: OS X is prettier than Linux. OS X is prettier than Linux. Except the buttons. OSX is also just a little too light. OS X is also just a little too light. Noticing a pattern? …Ballmer: Linux Bigger Competitor than Apple – OS News … – Ballmer: Linux Bigger Competitor than Apple – OS News.Why Microsoft Should Settle The TomTom-Linux Patent Suit At Any … – Linux is free and free but takes a bit of effort to get used to. Mac OS is more expensive up front but just works out of the box, it’s so easy to use that Microsoft cultists deride its simplicity as ‘Fisher Price’. …Microsoft sues TomTom over Linux and other patent claims … – Now I’m no fanboy but what myself and other linux users need to see is that using things like BASH and installing packages for drivers is something the public doesn’t want in a OS, they just want they to turn it on and go, looking all pretty and stuff. BTW I actually like vista, …. Now how do you handle a company that is so big and powerful and does not want anyone else in America to succeed without paying them “IPR” – Intellectual Protection Racket fees? Report Abuse …

    Why Windows 7 on Netbooks Won’t Save Microsoft — RoughlyDrafted … – This powerful position makes up the other reason why competitors couldn’t sell alternatives to Windows: there’s no functional market for another desktop PC OS because Microsoft has saturated the demand with ubiquitous supply. SCO, Linux …

Adger Linux

Winnipeg Theme Hotel Rooms

www.adgerlinux.com

• Microsoft CEO Unveils Windows Phone 7 Series Software [/caption] Microsoft unveiled the next version of its operating system for mobile phones, Windows Phone 7 Series, featuring a move away from applications and towards functions. "It's all about the phone and how consumers react to the device," said Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer, opening a news conference held outside the......
• Ten Quick Easy Ways To Reduce Your Debt. I get emails all the time from readers asking on quick tips on getting out of debt, so I figured I would put together a list of a few things I can recommend. However, keep in mind that while getting into debt is very easy, getting out of it is......
• 3 Ways in Which Coin Collector Software Has Change the Industry There have been many changes in the world of coin collecting over the years. These changes have mostly been in regards to which coins are prized above others. Every once in a while a toll will come along which will help those in the industry to enjoy collecting more or......
• 98 percent of enterprises using open source [/caption] Not only is open-source software thriving in systems management but across businesses as a whole, according to a new survey released Tuesday. A nearly 4-year-long survey of open-source systems management usage compiled by open-source software developer Zenoss showed that 98 percent of the respondents said they used open-source software......
• Open Source Software PBX - ready for prime time? I've been working with a client who needs to replace an aging PBX but is (as is everyone) extremely cost averse.  What are their options? A vendor supported PBX plus desktop phone sets together would probably cost them more than $10k.  Obviously a vendor supported system has losts of advantages from a......

Not long ago Linux was a complex operating system used by only  a few gurus and computer nutcases.  Not Linux may be running ordinary things that you use on a daily basis – such as cell phones , home entertainment systems and of course a number of computers.  Some computers , laptops  and pda’s now are even sold with Linux as it base operating system.  It may look so similar to the mainstream Microsoft Windows interface and behave like it in so many ways that you may not even notice the difference at all.   People buy computers and electronic devices for functionality – to have them programs or complete functions not to run operating systems.  You do not ( in most cases)  purchase a computer to run the new Microsoft Vista operating system – you buy that computer to do any of a number of functions with programs – retrieve your email , surf the web , create web pages , download music etc.

It the electronic device fulfills the purpose you require and is stable ( does not fall down on the task),  what does it really matter in any way.  That is the beauty of the development of Linux.

Adger Linux

Bidding Directory

Dakota John Lennon

www.adgerlinux.com

• 10 Easy Tips To Improve Computer Performance Many computer problems can be solved with free or low-cost products or just by using a few common sense tips to improve performance and keep your PC running for a long time.Computers often freeze or crash when one needs them the most; in the middle of an important presentation, a......
• 8 Layers of Security Every Computer Should Have [/caption] Every time you connect to the Internet, you are putting your computer -- and the information stored there -- at risk. As Roger Thompson, Chief Security Officer with AVG Technologies told me: The single most important thing to understand is that 99% of all attacks now originate from the......
• How to Troubleshoot a Computer [/caption]Interestingly, the word debugging is thought to date back to WWII and specifically, the vacuum tube computers of that time.  These large computers many times inadvertently trapped insects inside the electronic components, causing short circuits and other computer operation nightmares.  Now, debugging simply means the same as troubleshooting.  Although debugging......
• 20 Awesome Free OS Downloads Here's a collection of 20 that are worth checking out. There are plenty more, so if you'd like to add your favorites, share them in the comments! Fedora 10 - One of the few live distros that didn't have any trouble with the hardware on my MSI Wind netbook. My......
• How to Use Blog Networks to Promote Your Corporate Blog One of the biggest problems facing corporate bloggers is finding an audience. If you’re using your blog as a way to promote your company’s products, it is vital to quickly build up a strong readership. This is not an easy task, and even though paid promotion can be helpful, there......

Not so with linux.  The Linux operating system and much that has been written to run under it , has been supplied to users,  complete with its ’source code”.  What this means is that anyone with the skill, skills , time and inclination can “tweak” or rework the software for their purposes or use.

These changes or additions to the software must be made “freely available” to all.  That is the deal.  It can be at no charge , or a reasonable charge but it must be provided under the open source software agreements.

In the opposite case of “commercial software”   the licensing agreement will commonly and usually state , that  changing the source code is “strictly forbidden”.    These terms will apply to most or all of the commercially available software that you have purchased or that will come with your computer that is not “Linux”

Adger Linux

www.adgerlinux.com

• Delete element from array in PHP You want to delete an element fom an array? I propose to you this cimple soultion found in php.net This functions deletes the given element from a one dimesion array. Parameters: $array: Array from where we will delete the element. $deleteIt: The value we want to delete form the array.......
• Download the Google Chrome OS Virtual Machine Download the Google Chrome OS Virtual Machine. GeekLad Last week, Techcrunch reported rumors of the release of the Google Chrome OS. They stated that the info came from a reliable source, and indeed that source was reliable. Google had an event at their headquarters, and indeed provided new details and......
• How corporate America went open-source [/caption] By Kit R. Roane, contributor According to recent surveys, more large companies are committing to open-source software. How the platform went from closet to corporate.Oracle open source There was a time when open-source software was the domain of computer geeks and do-it-yourselfers with more time than money. But, as......
• Why Linux Is More Secure Than Windows [/caption] "Security through obscurity" may be a catchy phrase, but it's not the only thing that's catching among Windows users. The expression is intended to suggest that proprietary software is more secure by virtue of its closed nature. If hackers can't see the code, then it's harder for them to......
• Google Chrome Browser & the Operating System Concept The software world is developing in a very fast pace and the need for information and knowledge is increasing day by day. Unlike the past, Every day something new is comming and changing the life of each and every person in the world. Inventions are happening every day and the......

However “open source”  does not mean “free’ of charge”.  In many cases the software is available at no charge – but not always and every time.  There are strict conditions which apply to the specific software .  The conditions will be listed and detailed in the license which accompanies the software.  These conditions hold legal weight and must be adhered to , by penalty of law.

http://www.google.ca/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&hs=a6E&oi=definer&q=define:open+source+software&defl=en

Adger Linux

www.adgerlinux.com

• SAP Warms to Open Source [/caption] Although not traditionally known for its contributions to the open-source community, the German-based SAP is adopting more open-source software, as well as contributing more of its own code back into the community, company officials said in an interview. "In the past we didn't have an open-source strategy," said Claus......
• For Android newbies: 10 questions, answered [/caption] Sure, you’ve heard of Android — as in Android phones, which are multiplying like rabbits and taking the smartphone world by storm, giving even the mighty iPhone a run for its money. But are you still a little shaky on the Android basics? Do you turn into a wallflower......
• Top Best 100 Incredibly Useful & Free Mac Apps [/caption] Everyone loves free applications. One of the greatest things about Macs is the wealth of extremely talented developers that are willing to share their amazing creations without asking for a single cent. We’ve compiled an enormous list of 100 amazing free Mac applications that you can download and start......
• Is Linux Just Another Unix Flavor? [/caption] What defines an operating system isn't a geeky label or a collection of ramblings from the mouths of its community members. Nor is it some empty and pointless certification offered up by an obscure group of malcontented purveyors of "standards." An operating system is a kernel, a supporting cast......
• Master The Number 1 Forex Trading Software: Metatrader 4 MT4MetaTrader4 Becoming good at the Number 1 Forex Trading Program: Metatrader 4 MT4MetaTrader4 International currency trader in the world should have a hint about the world's most widely held international currency trading software, The Mt , which is a limitless open source software you can download and use free of......

Since its release in 1991 the original version of Linux has been constantly modified and improved – both by Mr. Torvalds himself and by a large number of computer software programmers worldwide who help maintain and update new releases of the Linux core – its operating kernel  on a regular basis.

Every new version of Linux is mde available free-of-charge on the internet for anyone to download.  Although this “official”  version is regularily updated anyone is free to make changes to the kernel without fear of litigation because Linux is an open source software.  The reverse holds true as well- any changes and improvement made to the software must be made freely available to others.

Adger Linux

www.adgerlinux.com

• How Software Can Help Determine Coin Collection Value Everywhere you turn things are going high tech. Cars have navigation systems in them which will tell you where to turn. Phones can tell you where the nearest hot spot is. Your computer can tell you what your coin collection value is. This last one is something which even many......
• 15 Must Have Free Software Programs For Windows 7 [/caption] I believe these options are must have software's for Windows 7 to complete all your day-to-day computing needs and you should download right away after installing your Windows 7. Alternatively, you can check our super-cool collection of Top 10 free software's offered by Microsoft company itself. And for now,......
• Ten Reasons to Dump Windows and Use Linux [/caption] Now is a particularly good time to ditch Windows for good, for workstations as well as servers. For instance, now that Microsoft stopped supporting Windows Server 2003 on July 13, you'll need to find something different to use for your servers. Whether it's switching from Windows Server 2003 to......
• 75 million phones running the Android operating system will be sold by 2012 A Chink In Android’s Armor by Michael Arrington on October 11, 2009 75 million phones running the Android operating system will be sold in 2012, says research firm Gartner, which if right, would eventually make it the second most popular mobile OS after Symbian. This makes sense, because the operating......
• Ultimate Frugality - The Best Free Software For Windows. As a result of my post the other day for the best free software for Macs, I got a few requests for free software for Windows users. And although I have not used a Windows machine in years, here is what I could come up with by looking around and......