After the drive is attached to the system, Linux should recognize it when you boot. To review the booting messages in a slower fashion than they’re displayed, use the dmesg command. If you added a new IDE drive, look for the mention of a new hdx drive, where the x is replaced with the letter b, c, d, or e. This information tells you that your kernel saw the new hard drive as it booted and rebuilding the kernel is not necessary in order to add this drive. Likewise, if you’re adding a new SCSI disk drive, you see a boot message indicating a new disk drive that has the designation sdx, where the x is a letter. In the IDE or SCSI case, you may see other messages with additional information.

The messages for an IDE drive may look like this:

hdb: HITACHI_DK227A -50, 4789mb w/512KB Cache, CHS=610/255/63

And sometime later, a message appears that looks like the following, which describes the existing partitions on the new drive (if any):

hdb: hdb1 hdb2 < hdb5 hdb6    hdb7 hdb8 >

A SCSI disk drive has messages that look like this:

SCSI device sdb: hdwr device** ……..

sdb: sdb1

If you see these messages, the kernel has seen your new drive, and you don’t have to rebuild the kernel to use the new drive.

The Linux distribution on the companion CD-ROM features block special files for each of eight IDE disks (had — hdh) with nine partitions each (1 —9). Linux also has block special files for seven SCSI hard drives (sda — sdg), which can have eight partitions each (1 — 8). In addition, Linux has a block special file for a SCSI CD-ROM (scd) with eight partitions (0— 7). If you have lots of drives, or if your Linux distribution doesn’t have enough block special files for your drive, you may have to create one or more additional block special files for the device, like this:

cd /dev;  makedev   sdg

This command creates the block special files for SCSI drive 7. Note that in both IDE and SCSI drives, the letters and drive numbers correspond: a is for the first disk, b is for the second disk, and so on.

If you add a SCSI disk drive with a lower ID number than one you already have, the new disk drive takes on that number. Suppose you have SCSI disk drives with hardware ID numbers of 0, 2, and 3. Linux gives these drives the names sda, sdb, and sdc, respectively. You make your partitions and your file systems, and create your entries in /etc/fstab to show where you want the file systems mounted. Now you get a new disk drive and set the hardware ID number to 1. When you reboot, the new disk drive gets the sdb designation and the disk drives with ID numbers of 2 and 3 are renamed to sdc and sdd, respectively. You must now, at the very least, change your /etc/fstab table. For this reason, we recommend adding SCSI disk drives to your system, starting with ID 0 and working up the number chain, with no gaps in the numbering.

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In the same way before you go to the trouble of installing Linux – partitions, formatting swap files et al consider what after all is your computer going to do and what functions it will serve.  Pick the best distro for your needs and budget.  On top of that you there may be different configurations or even different versions of the same Linux product .

You need to think and ponder what your new Linux based computer system ( or upgraded former windows system ) will be used for.  Is it to be a mission-critical server, a program development workstation or maybe just a new machine for the IT dept.    Your answers will affect both your choices of hardware as well as your specific install.

Think carefully before you jump.  Consider the costs ( not neccessarily monetary but also time and energies) and benefits of more expensive hardware versus lower lijely downtimes.

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In summary the “rwho”  command  gives the same type and indeed a similar report as does the local UNIX “finger “  command.    It can be said that if you are on the internet  that you can – at least in principle -  “finger”  any computer machine and setup that is on the internet.    However because , or as a result , that  there is no rule that says that you must answer the phone when it rings , or that the other remote computer must  answer when you “finger” it or call it – you will get a reply , or non reply of “connection refused” or even no response or reply back what so ever.

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