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	<title>Adger Linux Beginner Linux Resource &#187; Desktop Environments</title>
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		<title>Linux operating system, two in one</title>
		<link>http://www.adgerlinux.com/465/linux-operating-system/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Jan 2010 10:03:37 +0000</pubDate>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://adgerlinux.blogdirectorybid.com/?p=465</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
The Linux operating system comes with two interfaces in one, a command line interface (like that found in MS-DOS) and the graphical X Window System, also known as just X, with Gnome sitting on top of X. X itself is said to sit on top of the command line operating system, allowing total access to [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="_mcePaste" style="text-align: justify;">
<div id="_mcePaste" style="text-align: justify;">The Linux operating system comes with two interfaces in one, a command line interface (like that found in MS-DOS) and the graphical X Window System, also known as just X, with Gnome sitting on top of X. X itself is said to sit on top of the command line operating system, allowing total access to the operating system through a graphical interface. (Some operating systems, such as Windows ME, provide you with only a graphical interface.)</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="text-align: justify;">GNOME is the default graphical user interface (GUI) for Red Hat Linux. You can also use the K Desktop Environment (or KDE) if you want. With desktop environments such as KDE and GNOME, Linux provides a graphical user interface much more like that of Mac OS or Windows than the traditional Unix command line interface. In the same way, many graphical program packages are getting a huge amount of attention for Linux that provide much of the functionality of usual commercial programs available on the other desktop operating systems, although the later are still much greater in extent and magnitude.</div>
<div id="_mcePaste" style="text-align: justify;">Linux is the foundation of the LAMP server-software combination that has attained general appeal among web developers. Usually, Linux is used as an embedded operating system. The low cost of Linux makes it attainable to utilize it in devices such as the Simputer, a low-cost computer targeted especially at low-income populations in developing nations. This stereotype has been subverted in recent years by the increasing user-friendliness and wider adoption of many Linux distributions. Linux has made significant progress in the server and special-purpose markets and is getting to make inroads into the high volume &#8220;desktop&#8221; market.</div>
</div>
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		<title>A Quick Tour of Gnome</title>
		<link>http://www.adgerlinux.com/335/a-quick-tour-of-gnome/</link>
		<comments>http://www.adgerlinux.com/335/a-quick-tour-of-gnome/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Aug 2009 06:21:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adgerlinux.com/?p=335</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Once Gnome has loaded, you are presented with a graphical user interface (GUI), which shares many features with other desktop environments, based both on Linux and other operating systems. Files and directories (folders) are viewed and handled from windows within the File Manager. Other drives are accessed through the File Manager itself or via desktop [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">Once Gnome has loaded, you are presented with a graphical user interface (GUI), which shares many features with other desktop environments, based both on Linux and other operating systems. Files and directories (folders) are viewed and handled from windows within the File Manager. Other drives are accessed through the File Manager itself or via desktop icons. Files, applications and web pages can also be accessed via icons on the desktop or on the Panel (at the bottom of the desktop). The appearance of the desktop features can easily be customized.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">
<p style="text-align: justify;">
<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Desktop Key</em></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><em> </em></p>
<ol style="text-align: justify;">
<li>Symlink to the Home directory. A symlink is a symbolic link or shortcut that points to a file, directory, or drive.</li>
<li>Trash Icon</li>
<li>Two Red Hat shortcuts</li>
<li>The Dialup Configuration tool</li>
<li>Symlinks to the floppy disk and CD-ROM drives</li>
<li>Default GNOME desktop</li>
<li>GNOME documentation available on all subjects</li>
<li>GNOME panel</li>
<li>The File Manager (showing the Home directory)</li>
<li>GNOME panel menus</li>
</ol>
<p><em> </em></p>
<p><em>Unique Applications</em></p>
<p><em><br />
</em></p>
<p><em> </em></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">At first sight, the Linux desktop may appear to have more similarities than differences with, for example, Windows. However, despite these superficial similarities, Linux has many features unique to itself. It also boasts many unique applets, which are application and utilities only available with Linux. Most, if not all, of these applications have been written by independent programmers and released under the GNU Public License. For more information about the author of these programs, choose About from the Help menus of the relevant application.</p>
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		<title>Basic Guide with Linux Terms</title>
		<link>http://www.adgerlinux.com/302/basic-guide-with-linux-terms/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2009 23:52:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.adgerlinux.com/?p=302</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Linux can seem heavy on the jargon &#8211; especially for beginners &#8211; with terms such as X Windows, desktop environments, file managers, X servers, and GUIs. While it is not essential to understand how all the components fit together, it is useful to be familiar with the basic terminology.
At the heart of Linux is the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">Linux can seem heavy on the jargon &#8211; especially for beginners &#8211; with terms such as X Windows, desktop environments, file managers, X servers, and GUIs. While it is not essential to understand how all the components fit together, it is useful to be familiar with the basic terminology.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">At the heart of Linux is the kernel. This is the code that is loaded before anything else when you launch Linux, and is unloaded last when you halt the system. On its own, the kernel doesn&#8217;t appear to do very much, but without it, nothing gets done. The kernel acts as the main link between your hardware and all the programs that run under Linux. It also handles crucial background tasks such as managing the memory and multitasking.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Tools.</em> Linux tools are a group of programs between the kernel and the software that displays Linux on the desktop. One of the most important tools is the C/CO compiler. This tool compiles a program written in C++, and turns the code into an executable program that can be run by Linux.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Application Software.</em> In this raw state, Linux does not need a GUI to enable it to work. Here, however, we concentrate on the graphical applications that enable Linux to run as a window-based operating environment.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>X Windows.</em><strong> </strong>The X Window system is used to set up an &#8220;X server&#8221; on your computer. This holds information about the capabilities of your graphics card and display.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Window Manager.</em> X-based desktop managers provide the graphical interface between your input (via keyboard/pointing device) and what happens on your monitor. Some window managers look and feel like Microsoft Windows and all are highly customizable. These programs manage the placement of windows including positioning, overlapping, and iconizing.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Desktop Manager.</em><strong> </strong>The two leading desktop environments are Gnome and KDE.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<ul>
<li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Gnome (GNU Network Object Model Environment), which were developed as open source software.</div>
</li>
<li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">KDE (the K Desktop Environment) was built using a GUI toolkit called Qt and is also widely used.</div>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Both desktop environments are supplied with Red Hat Linux. They are also available with most other popular distributions.Certain window managers are incompatible with some desktop environments, but the relevant sites will provide the necessary advice.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> <span id="more-302"></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Red Hat Linux Deluxe Workstation</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">This is not one of the cheaper options available. However, a cheaper version of Red Hat is sold, and all the additional elements can be bought from the same source at a later date. The Deluxe version contains the kind of added software that may be bundled together to form a Linux distribution suitable for professional users.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>History of Expansion</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Red Hat was founded in 1994 as a developer and distributor of open source software. At that time, the number of Linux users was estimated to be 100,000. In the intervening period, Red Hat has expanded its activities through acquisitions and software development. Alongside this growth, the number of Linux users is estimated by some to have risen to about 15,000,000.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> To see Red Hat&#8217;s range of products, visit the company&#8217;s website and click on <em>Home/Small Business</em>. You can then scroll down through the page that appears and select <em>Red Hat Deluxe Workstation</em><strong> </strong>from the list of software.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p><em>What It Contains</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p>Red hat Linux Deluxe Workstation arrives on 10 CDs, which includes more than 5Gb of a variety of software including:</p>
<p>- Red Hat-tested 2.4 kernel</p>
<p>- Gnome and KDE desktop environments</p>
<p>- Support for USB devices and recordable CD-ROMs</p>
<p>- XFree86 4.0.3, an implementation of the X Windows System.</p>
<p>- StarOffice 5.2</p>
<p>- Demo version of Anyware 2.0 that includes the Anyware Desktop, which is an office program suite</p>
<p>- Adobe Acrobat Reader 4.05</p>
<p>- Special Red Hat edition of Yahoo! Messenger</p>
<p>- Game demos from Loki, Alpha Centauri, and SimCity3000</p>
<p>- Over 300 PowerTools applications, including Zope, Gnucash, Openmotif, Exim, Faxmail, and Postfix</p>
<p>- Red Hat Network Software Manager</p>
<p>- Multiple Programming languages</p>
<p>- Netscape Navigator.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>The Gnome Desktop</strong></p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Logging On and Off</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify">When you start your PC with Linux as the operating system (rather than Windows ME, for example) you will see the screen fill with lines of text that contain information indicating that Linux is checking , enabling, and starting all the software that will drive your system &#8211; each followed by OK if the check is passed.</p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> </p>
<ul>
<li>Enter User Name and Password</li>
</ul>
<p> Your exact log- in procedure will have been defined by whoever installed Linux on your computer.  If a graphical interface has been chosen, you will see the Gnome log-in screen. If not, you will see a text prompt asking you for your user name and then your password.  In either case, supply your user name and password (not the root user name and password) when prompted. If you are using a graphical interface, you will usually boot straight into the Gnome desktop environment.</p>
<p> </p>
<ul>
<li>Typing at the Prompt</li>
</ul>
<p> If a graphical interface is not being used, you will see a text prompt similar to this example (where your password replaces <strong>alba</strong>) at the localhost login prompt.  To start GNOME, type <strong>startx</strong> and press ENTER</p>
<p> </p>
<ul>
<li>Logging Off</li>
</ul>
<p> To log off from GNOME, choose Log out from the Main GNOME Menu. This displays a dialog box with up to three options:</p>
<p>-LOGOUT to end the Gnome session</p>
<p>-HALT to shut down the computer</p>
<p>-REBOOT to reboot</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Using the Root Password</em></p>
<p><em> </em></p>
<p>If you are a user of a standalone PC, you may find that Linux places more emphasis on user names, passwords, and security than you are used. If you attempt to take any action that will make system- level changes to your PC, you will be required to enter the root password because the changes will affect all users of the computer, not merely you. If you are the only user of the computer, this may seem unnecessary. However, if you share your computer with others, the importance of limiting these controls to one &#8220;superuser&#8221; soon becomes apparent.</p>
<p> </p>
<ul>
<li>The Need for the Password</li>
</ul>
<p> If you do not have access to the root password- probably because someone else has installed Linux you will need either to ask them for the password or to log in each time that any system-level changes are required.</p>
<p> </p>
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		<title>Advantages of Knowing Some Basic Linux Terms and Terminology</title>
		<link>http://www.adgerlinux.com/145/advantages-of-knowing-some-basic-linux-terms-and-terminology/</link>
		<comments>http://www.adgerlinux.com/145/advantages-of-knowing-some-basic-linux-terms-and-terminology/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 12 Feb 2009 21:55:06 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Linux can seem heavy on jargon &#8211; especially for beginners &#8211; with such terms  as &#8220;X Windows&#8221; ,  &#8220;desktop environments&#8221; , &#8220;file managers&#8221; ,  &#8220;X servers&#8221; and GUI ( graphic user interfaces).   While it is not essential to know or understand how all these components fit together , it is most useful to be somewhat [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Linux can seem heavy on jargon &#8211; especially for beginners &#8211; with such terms  as &#8220;X Windows&#8221; ,  &#8220;desktop environments&#8221; , &#8220;file managers&#8221; ,  &#8220;X servers&#8221; and GUI ( graphic user interfaces).   While it is not essential to know or understand how all these components fit together , it is most useful to be somewhat familiar with what might be considered the basics or the basic terminologies .   It can be said with time and experience you will come to be familiar with these basic terms.  Oft stated &#8220;If you hang around with flakes you will become a flake&#8221;.</p>
<p>Just as you do not have to be a mechanic to drive a car, but it will help you if you have a basic understanding of the components  and parts of a car , their use and description and basic automotive diagnostic skills,  it sure comes in handy if you have a basic and simple comprehension of these.  This way if problems occur you are a better situation to get things going and fix themselves or at the worst be able to explain them to others more experienced and adroit in the field in order to solve the problem and get your  Linux based computer system up and running and as well perform basic maintenance and updates.</p>
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