When creating a LILO configuration file, make sure you maintain a section for both the new kernel and the old kernel. Incorrectly installing new kernels can be a recipe for disaster. Even if your new kernel has some unexpected problem, you have an existing, known kernel to fall back on.

Reuse the /usr/src/linux.config file created by the kernel configuration process when upgrading between kernel revisions. This helps ensure you don’t forget support for vital hardware.

It is also a good idea to maintain a boot disk with a known working kernel with as few modules as possible. The simplest way to create such a boot disk is to write a copy of your kernel directly to the floppy:

dd if=/boot/vmlinuz of=/dev/fd0

and then tell it which file system to mount as root:

rdev /dev/fd0 /dev/hda2

Then, if your system will not boot for some reason, you can fall back to a kernel on removable media.

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Problem one to be expected is ” I cannot Boot Linux Anymore”. It seems that you have successfully installed the Linux distro of your choice. Then one fine day you may a change to your Windows OS- Windows 09 , XP or Vista / System 7/ Suddenly Linux no longer seems to boot and indeed stops working. You no longer see the lilo boot prompt. so you can no longer specify that indeed you wan to boot Linux.

What to do ? It seems that various operating systems tend to think that they are the only ones in the universe. It not unlike media centers in Windows that when newly installed take over and make themselves l”King” the “default” setup.

Therefore when the new Operating System is installed they write things to the area of the system or specifically the hard drive – or now sometimes solid state “hard drives”, called the Master Boot Record (MBR). This process overlays and overwrites the basic Linux boot loader (called LILO) and stops you dead in your tracks from booting Linux.

Overall the best correction is a good prevention . Make an emergency floppy or usb stick as a boot disk.

Keep this handy, when you do update or change your system ( or during any other significant event in your “Linux career” , such as repartitioning your disks or rebuilding your kernel.

Thus if you make a mistake then you can boot with your boot device – be it floppy or usb stick , or cd / dvd.

Its not unlike safe mode in Windows.

Then when you have rebooted your system using your boot device , simply log on as “root”, then type LILO on the command line. This will repair the MBR ( Master Boot Record) reinstalling Lilo.

You are now off to the races !!!

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Windows 98 works with fat – fat 16 has a 2 gig size limit.  Larger than that fat 32 format is used.  The 98 stream – win 95, 98 , 98 second edition SE , Windows ME cannot read the newer NTSF file format system.  NTSF has certain advantages over fat 32 .  It can handle larger drive and drive partition sizes than fat32.  It is descended from server technology and is considered safer from data loss and hard drive crashes and failure due to file format problems. Fat 32 is fairly standard but fragments a lot more than NTSF. Windows 98 and its stream cannot read a NTSF formatted drive  at all and see it as no drive present wheras NTSF can read fat .  The default install for XP is NTSF although fat32 is allowed both to be created  or to left alone untouched.  The current most advanced OS of Microsoft is Vista which demands NTSF  file format.

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