Setting up a group and Adding users to the group
The access control offered by making a file owned by a particular user is useful, but crude. To get finer control over who has access to what, you will want to set up groups of users. Groups allow you to grant access to parts of the system to several people at once.
It’s quite easy to set up a group and then add users to that group.
Here’s how:
1. Decide what you want to call your group, and then use the groupadd command as root to add it. (You can optionally specify the numerical ID to assign to the group, but usually allowing the system to choose it is fine.) If your son is grounded from the Internet for two weeks, you might create a group of users who are allowed to use it:
# groupadd internet
2. After you press Enter, the group is added to /etc/group. The new line looks something like this:
internet:x:1O1:
The users that belong to the group appear in the fourth field, separated by commas. Currently no users are in the group.
3. To add users to the group, it is often easiest to load /etc/group into a text editor and modify the file yourself. (usermod is a utility that will allow you to change the groups a user belongs to, but you have to run it once for each user you are adding, and you must specify all groups a user belongs to.) Regardless of how you do it, the line might look like this after adding those who are allowed to use the Internet:
internet : x : 101 :mom, dad
4. Now that the group exists, you will want to apply permissions somewhere, so that the group members have special privileges. For example, the following two commands make a modem (/dev/ttySO) readable and writable to root and those users in the Internet group; no one else can use it:
# chown root:internet /dev/ttySO
# chmod 660 /dev/ttySO
You can create many groups, and add a user to any number of them.
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